ELECTRONIC BANKING SERVICES AND PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN MOMBASA COUNTY, KENYA
Main Article Content
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of electronic banking services on performance of commercial banks in Mombasa County, Kenya. Specifically, the study sought to examine the influence of mobile banking and internet banking on performance of commercial banks in Mombasa County, Kenya. The theoretical framework was informed by the resource-based theory of the firm, dynamic capability theory and technology organization environment theory. The study employed the correlational cross-sectional survey research design to test non-causal relationships between the study variables. The target population consisted of the 98 branch managers and 98 operations managers of the 39 commercial banks in Mombasa County, Kenya. The proportionate stratified random sampling technique was utilized to select a sample size of 66 branch managers and 66 operations managers of the 39 commercial banks in Mombasa County, Kenya. A pilot study was conducted to ascertain the validity and reliability of the constructed survey questionnaire. A structured self-administered survey questionnaire was used as the means of collecting primary data. The study utilized a cross-sectional survey-based approach. The collected data was processed and entered into the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 26 to create a data sheet used for analysis. Data analysis involved the use of descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The Pearson’s correlation results indicated that mobile banking and internet banking had positive and significant relationship with the performance of commercial banks in Mombasa County, Kenya. The regression results indicated that mobile banking and internet banking had positive and significant influence on the performance of commercial banks in Mombasa County, Kenya. The research recommends that the managers and practitioners within the banking industry should implement the electronic banking to foster the performance of commercial banks. The policymakers within the banking industry should initiate policy review to encourage managers and practitioners to implement the electronic banking to foster the performance of commercial banks. The study recommends intriguing areas for further research. Future research should examine the influence of electronic banking on performance of commercial banks in other sectors or contexts.
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References
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Al-Dmour, H., Saad, N., Basheer Amin, E., Al-Dmour, R., & Al-Dmour, A. (2023). The influence of the practices of big data analytics applications on bank performance: Filed study. VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems, 53(1), 119-141.
Alkaraan, F., Elmarzouky, M., Hussainey, K., Venkatesh, V. G., Shi, Y., & Gulko, N. (2024). Reinforcing green business strategies with Industry 4.0 and governance towards sustainability: Natural‐resource‐based view and dynamic capability. Business Strategy and the Environment, 33(4), 3588-3606.
Al-shakrchy, E. (2024). Issues of electronic banking services: The case of commercial bank of Iraq. Journal of Accounting and Financial Studies (JAFS), 1(2), 1-15.
Bag, S. (2024). From resources to sustainability: A practice-based view of net zero economy implementation in small and medium business-to-business firms. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 31(6), 1876-1894.
Barasa, C. (2021). Influence of electronic banking on the financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya (Masters research project, University of Nairobi).
Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99-120. doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108
Basajji, F. (2021). Mobile banking and financial performance of banks in Uganda. Nkumba university press Entebbe.
Bell, E., Bryman, A., & Harley, B. (2022). Business research methods. Oxford university press.
Bellahcene, M., & Latreche, H. (2023). E-banking adoption by Algerian bank customers: Towards an integrated model. International Journal of E-Services and Mobile Applications (IJESMA), 15(1), 1-20.
Bousrih, J. (2023). The impact of digitalization on the banking sector: Evidence from fintech countries. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 13(4), 269-278.
Chesir, C. J., Miroga, J., & Otinga, H. (2024). Electronic banking and financial performance of commercial banks in North Rift Region, Kenya. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 11(2), 775-802. doi.org/10.61426/sjbcm.v11i2.2949
Cheung, G. W., Cooper-Thomas, H. D., Lau, R. S., & Wang, L. C. (2024). Reporting reliability, convergent and discriminant validity with structural equation modeling: A review and best-practice recommendations. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 41(2), 745-783.
Do, T. D., Pham, H. A. T., Thalassinos, E. I., & Le, H. A. (2022). The impact of digital transformation on performance: Evidence from Vietnamese commercial banks. Journal of risk and financial management, 15(1), 21-34.
Dubey, U. K. B., & Kothari, D. P. (2022). Research methodology: Techniques and trends. Chapman and Hall/CRC.
Gbanador, M. A. (2023). Electronic banking systems and the performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Management Sciences, 24(1a), 360-371.
Ghaleb, E. A., Dominic, P. D. D., Fati, S. M., Muneer, A., & Ali, R. F. (2021). The assessment of big data adoption readiness with a technology–organization - environment framework: A perspective towards healthcare employees. Sustainability, 13(15), 8379-8391.
Ghose, B., & Maji, S. G. (2022). Internet banking intensity and bank profitability: evidence from emerging Indian economy. Managerial Finance, (ahead-of-print).
Hailat, K., Jarah, B., Al-Jarrah, M., & Almatarneh, Z. (2023). The impact of electronic banking services on the use of technology by customers of conventional and Islamic banks in Jordan. International Journal of Data and Network Science, 7(2), 737-744.
Hassan, H. A., Abuga, I. M., & Ndalilah, J. W. (2023). The influence of e-banking on customer satisfaction in Kenya commercial banks. The American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research, 5(5), 88-99.
Hassan, H., & Farmanesh, P. (2022). Customer adoption of self-service technologies in Jordan: Factors influencing the use of Internet banking, mobile banking, and telebanking. Management Science Letters, 12(3), 193-206.
Hiebl, M. R. (2023). Sample selection in systematic literature reviews of management research. Organizational research methods, 26(2), 229-261.
Hossain, M. I. (2021). Influences of e-banking adoption on the financial performance of state-owned commercial banks in Bangladesh. Information Resources Management Journal (IRMJ), 34(4), 93-112.
Kihara, D. M. (2024). Strategic responses and performance of commercial banks in Nairobi City County, Kenya (Masters dissertation, Kenyatta University).
Kimere, V. W. (2022). Influence of electronic banking on financial performance of microfinance institutions in Kenya (Masters research project, University of Nairobi).
Kiptanui C., A., Kwasira, J., & Amuhaya, J. (2024). Collaboration and sustainable performance of selected commercial bank in North Rift. International Journal of Social Sciences Management and Entrepreneurship (IJSSME), 8(1), 425-434.
Kombe, V. (2023). Influences of financial innovations on performance of commercial banks in Kenya. African Journal of Commercial Studies, 2(1), 12-26.
Kumar, H., & Pandey, D. C. (2023). Role of e-banking on banks performance: A quantitative investigation of bank executives. European Economic Letters (EEL), 13(1), 324-328.
Leavy, P. (2022). Research design: Quantitative, qualitative, mixed methods, arts-based, and community-based participatory research approaches. Guilford publications.
Lee, C. T., & Pan, L. Y. (2023). Smile to pay: Predicting continuous usage intention toward contactless payment services in the post-COVID-19 era. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 41(2), 312-332.
Leong, L. Y., Hew, T. S., Ooi, K. B., Tan, G. W. H., & Koohang, A. (2024). An SEM-ANN approach-guidelines in information systems research. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 1-32.
Ma, F., & Xie, A. (2023). A typology of research paradigms and sources of knowledge in educational research. In The Frontier of Education Reform and Development in China: Articles from Educational Research (pp. 27-46). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore.
Madugba, J., Egbide, B. C., Jossy, D. W., Agburuga, U. T., & Chibunna, O. O. (2021). Influence of electronic banking on financial performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria. Banks and Bank Systems, 16(3), 71-83.
Malhotra, N., Sahadev, S., Leeflang, P. S. H., & Purani, K. (2021). New insights into e-loyalty of internet banking users in an emerging market context: a multilevel analysis. Information Systems Frontiers, 23, 1521-1536.
Malit, E. O. (2024). Influence of financial innovations on financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya (Doctoral dissertation, Maseno University).
Mathina (2022). Basel accord requirements and financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya (Doctoral thesis, Kenyatta University).
Mathina, R., Jagongo, A., & Wamugo, L. (2022). Basel accord requirements and financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. International Journal of Research in Education Humanities and Commerce, 3(4), 113-128.
Nasehifar, V., Dehdashti Shahrokh, Z., Mohammadian, M., & Allahverdi, M. (2021). Testing the customer experience management model in E-banking. Journal of Business Management, 13(4), 974-1000.
Ndirangu, E. W., Kiragu, D., Ngunyi, A., Shano, M., & Kimani, J. G. (2022). Influence of online banking on performance of microfinance banking in Kenya. Internal Journal of Finance (IJF), 7(6), 59-71.
Ndirangu, E., & Kimani, J. (2022). Influence of mobile banking on performance of microfinance banks in Kenya. European Journal of Business and Strategic Management, 7(3), 24-38.
Ng, P. M., Lit, K. K., & Cheung, C. T. (2022). Remote work as a new normal? The technology-organization-environment (TOE) context. Technology in Society, 70, 102022.
Obbo, A. (2022). Electronic banking and financial performance of commercial banks in Uganda (Bachelor’s dissertation, Busitema University).
Omoto, S. G. (2021). Mobile banking and its influence on the financial performance of commercial banks: A case study of selected banks in Narok Town, Kenya (Doctoral dissertation, Maasai Mara University).
Pandey, P., & Pandey, M. M. (2021). Research methodology tools and techniques. Bridge Center.
Penrose, E. T. (1959). The theory of the growth of the firm. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Penrose, E. T. (2009). The Theory of the Growth of the Firm. Oxford university press.
Pradhan, P., Shyam, R., & Dahal, P. (2021). Influence of e-banking on financial inclusion in Nepal. International Journal of Finance, Entrepreneurship & Sustainability (IJFES), 1(2), 1-19.
Rahman, S. R., Rahman, M. M., & Yeo, Z. S. (2024). Reliability and validation of the Malay version of the gender equitable men scale questionnaire. Journal of Health and Translational Medicine (JUMMEC), 27(1), 88-95.
Rao, A., & Brown, M. (2024). A review of the resource-based view (RBV) in strategic marketing: Leveraging firm resources for competitive advantage. Business, Marketing, and Finance Open, 1(3), 25-35.
Razzaque, A., Lee, I., & Mangalaraj, G. (2024). The effect of entrepreneurial leadership traits on corporate sustainable development and firm performance: A resource-based view. European Business Review, 36(2), 177-200.
Ritu, H. K., & Pandey, D. C. (2023). Role of e-banking on banks performance: A quantitative investigation of bank executives. European Economic Letters (EEL), 13(1), 324-328.
Saunders, M. N., & Darabi, F. (2024). Using multi-and mixed methods research designs. In Field Guide to Researching Employment and Industrial Relations (pp. 71-87). Edward Elgar Publishing.
Shah, S. S. H., Gherghina, Ș. C., Dantas, R. M., Rafaqat, S., Correia, A. B., & Mata, M. N. (2023). The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on Islamic and conventional banks’ profitability. Economies, 11(4), 104-119.
Shahzad, K., Zhang, Q., Zafar, A. U., Ashfaq, M., & Rehman, S. U. (2023). The role of blockchain-enabled traceability, task technology fit, and user self-efficacy in mobile food delivery applications. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 73, 103331.
Shaikh, A. A., Alamoudi, H., Alharthi, M., & Glavee-Geo, R. (2023). Advances in mobile financial services: a review of the literature and future research directions. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 41(1), 1-33.
Shaikh, I., & Anwar, M. (2023). Digital bank transactions and performance of the Indian banking sector. Applied Economics, 55(8), 839-852.
Sharma, S. (2023). E-banking services and bank performance: Perspective from India. International Journal of Electronic Finance, 12(2), 176-191.
Shrivastava, A., Singh, B. K., Gurjar, E. S., & Kushawaha, P. P. (2024). Research methodology: Concepts, techniques, and applications. Academic Guru Publishing House.
Singh, N. (2023). Impact of e-banking: Prior and after influences on banking activities. Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results, 310-317.
Teshome, A., Arshad, M., & Borji, B. (2025). The effect of mobile banking services on banking performance with the mediating role of customer intention: A case of selected commercial banks in Borena, Southern Ethiopia. Journal of Society Innovation and Development (JSID), 6(2), 105-123.
Thomassen, D., le Cessie, S., van Houwelingen, H. C., & Steyerberg, E. W. (2024). Effective sample size: a measure of individual uncertainty in predictions. Statistics in Medicine, 43(7), 1384-1396.
Utami, H., & Alamanos, E. (2022). Resource-based theory: A review. TheoryHub Book. http://open. ncl. ac. uk.
Uwimpuhwe, R., & Twesigye, D. (2024). The influence of electronic banking tools on operational performance of commercial banks in Rwanda. A case of Bank of Kigali (2017-2021). Journal of Finance and Accounting, 8(5), 1-19.
Yang, Y., & Jiang, Y. (2023). Buyer-supplier CSR alignment and firm performance: A contingency theory perspective. Journal of Business Research, 154, 113340
Al-Dmour, H., Saad, N., Basheer Amin, E., Al-Dmour, R., & Al-Dmour, A. (2023). The influence of the practices of big data analytics applications on bank performance: Filed study. VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems, 53(1), 119-141.
Alkaraan, F., Elmarzouky, M., Hussainey, K., Venkatesh, V. G., Shi, Y., & Gulko, N. (2024). Reinforcing green business strategies with Industry 4.0 and governance towards sustainability: Natural‐resource‐based view and dynamic capability. Business Strategy and the Environment, 33(4), 3588-3606.
Al-shakrchy, E. (2024). Issues of electronic banking services: The case of commercial bank of Iraq. Journal of Accounting and Financial Studies (JAFS), 1(2), 1-15.
Bag, S. (2024). From resources to sustainability: A practice-based view of net zero economy implementation in small and medium business-to-business firms. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 31(6), 1876-1894.
Barasa, C. (2021). Influence of electronic banking on the financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya (Masters research project, University of Nairobi).
Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99-120. doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108
Basajji, F. (2021). Mobile banking and financial performance of banks in Uganda. Nkumba university press Entebbe.
Bell, E., Bryman, A., & Harley, B. (2022). Business research methods. Oxford university press.
Bellahcene, M., & Latreche, H. (2023). E-banking adoption by Algerian bank customers: Towards an integrated model. International Journal of E-Services and Mobile Applications (IJESMA), 15(1), 1-20.
Bousrih, J. (2023). The impact of digitalization on the banking sector: Evidence from fintech countries. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 13(4), 269-278.
Chesir, C. J., Miroga, J., & Otinga, H. (2024). Electronic banking and financial performance of commercial banks in North Rift Region, Kenya. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 11(2), 775-802. doi.org/10.61426/sjbcm.v11i2.2949
Cheung, G. W., Cooper-Thomas, H. D., Lau, R. S., & Wang, L. C. (2024). Reporting reliability, convergent and discriminant validity with structural equation modeling: A review and best-practice recommendations. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 41(2), 745-783.
Do, T. D., Pham, H. A. T., Thalassinos, E. I., & Le, H. A. (2022). The impact of digital transformation on performance: Evidence from Vietnamese commercial banks. Journal of risk and financial management, 15(1), 21-34.
Dubey, U. K. B., & Kothari, D. P. (2022). Research methodology: Techniques and trends. Chapman and Hall/CRC.
Gbanador, M. A. (2023). Electronic banking systems and the performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Management Sciences, 24(1a), 360-371.
Ghaleb, E. A., Dominic, P. D. D., Fati, S. M., Muneer, A., & Ali, R. F. (2021). The assessment of big data adoption readiness with a technology–organization - environment framework: A perspective towards healthcare employees. Sustainability, 13(15), 8379-8391.
Ghose, B., & Maji, S. G. (2022). Internet banking intensity and bank profitability: evidence from emerging Indian economy. Managerial Finance, (ahead-of-print).
Hailat, K., Jarah, B., Al-Jarrah, M., & Almatarneh, Z. (2023). The impact of electronic banking services on the use of technology by customers of conventional and Islamic banks in Jordan. International Journal of Data and Network Science, 7(2), 737-744.
Hassan, H. A., Abuga, I. M., & Ndalilah, J. W. (2023). The influence of e-banking on customer satisfaction in Kenya commercial banks. The American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research, 5(5), 88-99.
Hassan, H., & Farmanesh, P. (2022). Customer adoption of self-service technologies in Jordan: Factors influencing the use of Internet banking, mobile banking, and telebanking. Management Science Letters, 12(3), 193-206.
Hiebl, M. R. (2023). Sample selection in systematic literature reviews of management research. Organizational research methods, 26(2), 229-261.
Hossain, M. I. (2021). Influences of e-banking adoption on the financial performance of state-owned commercial banks in Bangladesh. Information Resources Management Journal (IRMJ), 34(4), 93-112.
Kihara, D. M. (2024). Strategic responses and performance of commercial banks in Nairobi City County, Kenya (Masters dissertation, Kenyatta University).
Kimere, V. W. (2022). Influence of electronic banking on financial performance of microfinance institutions in Kenya (Masters research project, University of Nairobi).
Kiptanui C., A., Kwasira, J., & Amuhaya, J. (2024). Collaboration and sustainable performance of selected commercial bank in North Rift. International Journal of Social Sciences Management and Entrepreneurship (IJSSME), 8(1), 425-434.
Kombe, V. (2023). Influences of financial innovations on performance of commercial banks in Kenya. African Journal of Commercial Studies, 2(1), 12-26.
Kumar, H., & Pandey, D. C. (2023). Role of e-banking on banks performance: A quantitative investigation of bank executives. European Economic Letters (EEL), 13(1), 324-328.
Leavy, P. (2022). Research design: Quantitative, qualitative, mixed methods, arts-based, and community-based participatory research approaches. Guilford publications.
Lee, C. T., & Pan, L. Y. (2023). Smile to pay: Predicting continuous usage intention toward contactless payment services in the post-COVID-19 era. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 41(2), 312-332.
Leong, L. Y., Hew, T. S., Ooi, K. B., Tan, G. W. H., & Koohang, A. (2024). An SEM-ANN approach-guidelines in information systems research. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 1-32.
Ma, F., & Xie, A. (2023). A typology of research paradigms and sources of knowledge in educational research. In The Frontier of Education Reform and Development in China: Articles from Educational Research (pp. 27-46). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore.
Madugba, J., Egbide, B. C., Jossy, D. W., Agburuga, U. T., & Chibunna, O. O. (2021). Influence of electronic banking on financial performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria. Banks and Bank Systems, 16(3), 71-83.
Malhotra, N., Sahadev, S., Leeflang, P. S. H., & Purani, K. (2021). New insights into e-loyalty of internet banking users in an emerging market context: a multilevel analysis. Information Systems Frontiers, 23, 1521-1536.
Malit, E. O. (2024). Influence of financial innovations on financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya (Doctoral dissertation, Maseno University).
Mathina (2022). Basel accord requirements and financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya (Doctoral thesis, Kenyatta University).
Mathina, R., Jagongo, A., & Wamugo, L. (2022). Basel accord requirements and financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. International Journal of Research in Education Humanities and Commerce, 3(4), 113-128.
Nasehifar, V., Dehdashti Shahrokh, Z., Mohammadian, M., & Allahverdi, M. (2021). Testing the customer experience management model in E-banking. Journal of Business Management, 13(4), 974-1000.
Ndirangu, E. W., Kiragu, D., Ngunyi, A., Shano, M., & Kimani, J. G. (2022). Influence of online banking on performance of microfinance banking in Kenya. Internal Journal of Finance (IJF), 7(6), 59-71.
Ndirangu, E., & Kimani, J. (2022). Influence of mobile banking on performance of microfinance banks in Kenya. European Journal of Business and Strategic Management, 7(3), 24-38.
Ng, P. M., Lit, K. K., & Cheung, C. T. (2022). Remote work as a new normal? The technology-organization-environment (TOE) context. Technology in Society, 70, 102022.
Obbo, A. (2022). Electronic banking and financial performance of commercial banks in Uganda (Bachelor’s dissertation, Busitema University).
Omoto, S. G. (2021). Mobile banking and its influence on the financial performance of commercial banks: A case study of selected banks in Narok Town, Kenya (Doctoral dissertation, Maasai Mara University).
Pandey, P., & Pandey, M. M. (2021). Research methodology tools and techniques. Bridge Center.
Penrose, E. T. (1959). The theory of the growth of the firm. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Penrose, E. T. (2009). The Theory of the Growth of the Firm. Oxford university press.
Pradhan, P., Shyam, R., & Dahal, P. (2021). Influence of e-banking on financial inclusion in Nepal. International Journal of Finance, Entrepreneurship & Sustainability (IJFES), 1(2), 1-19.
Rahman, S. R., Rahman, M. M., & Yeo, Z. S. (2024). Reliability and validation of the Malay version of the gender equitable men scale questionnaire. Journal of Health and Translational Medicine (JUMMEC), 27(1), 88-95.
Rao, A., & Brown, M. (2024). A review of the resource-based view (RBV) in strategic marketing: Leveraging firm resources for competitive advantage. Business, Marketing, and Finance Open, 1(3), 25-35.
Razzaque, A., Lee, I., & Mangalaraj, G. (2024). The effect of entrepreneurial leadership traits on corporate sustainable development and firm performance: A resource-based view. European Business Review, 36(2), 177-200.
Ritu, H. K., & Pandey, D. C. (2023). Role of e-banking on banks performance: A quantitative investigation of bank executives. European Economic Letters (EEL), 13(1), 324-328.
Saunders, M. N., & Darabi, F. (2024). Using multi-and mixed methods research designs. In Field Guide to Researching Employment and Industrial Relations (pp. 71-87). Edward Elgar Publishing.
Shah, S. S. H., Gherghina, Ș. C., Dantas, R. M., Rafaqat, S., Correia, A. B., & Mata, M. N. (2023). The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on Islamic and conventional banks’ profitability. Economies, 11(4), 104-119.
Shahzad, K., Zhang, Q., Zafar, A. U., Ashfaq, M., & Rehman, S. U. (2023). The role of blockchain-enabled traceability, task technology fit, and user self-efficacy in mobile food delivery applications. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 73, 103331.
Shaikh, A. A., Alamoudi, H., Alharthi, M., & Glavee-Geo, R. (2023). Advances in mobile financial services: a review of the literature and future research directions. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 41(1), 1-33.
Shaikh, I., & Anwar, M. (2023). Digital bank transactions and performance of the Indian banking sector. Applied Economics, 55(8), 839-852.
Sharma, S. (2023). E-banking services and bank performance: Perspective from India. International Journal of Electronic Finance, 12(2), 176-191.
Shrivastava, A., Singh, B. K., Gurjar, E. S., & Kushawaha, P. P. (2024). Research methodology: Concepts, techniques, and applications. Academic Guru Publishing House.
Singh, N. (2023). Impact of e-banking: Prior and after influences on banking activities. Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results, 310-317.
Teshome, A., Arshad, M., & Borji, B. (2025). The effect of mobile banking services on banking performance with the mediating role of customer intention: A case of selected commercial banks in Borena, Southern Ethiopia. Journal of Society Innovation and Development (JSID), 6(2), 105-123.
Thomassen, D., le Cessie, S., van Houwelingen, H. C., & Steyerberg, E. W. (2024). Effective sample size: a measure of individual uncertainty in predictions. Statistics in Medicine, 43(7), 1384-1396.
Utami, H., & Alamanos, E. (2022). Resource-based theory: A review. TheoryHub Book. http://open. ncl. ac. uk.
Uwimpuhwe, R., & Twesigye, D. (2024). The influence of electronic banking tools on operational performance of commercial banks in Rwanda. A case of Bank of Kigali (2017-2021). Journal of Finance and Accounting, 8(5), 1-19.
Yang, Y., & Jiang, Y. (2023). Buyer-supplier CSR alignment and firm performance: A contingency theory perspective. Journal of Business Research, 154, 113340