INFLUENCE OF CURRENT MIGRATION POLICIES ON HUMAN TRAFFICKING PATTERNS IN GARISSA COUNTY, KENYA (2019 – 2024)

JULIUS ROTICH; BERNARD MUIYA

doi:10.61426/rjssh.v6i1.320

JULIUS ROTICH Postgraduate Candidate, Department of Security, Diplomacy and Peace Studies, Kenyatta University, Kenya
BERNARD MUIYA, PhD Lecturer, Department of Security, Diplomacy and Peace Studies, Kenyatta University, Kenya

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61426/rjssh.v6i1.320

Keywords: Legislation and Regulatory Frameworks, Enforcement Mechanisms, Institutional Capacity, Interagency Coordination

Abstract

Human trafficking has become a growing concern in migration management, prompting governments to implement policies aimed at mitigating associated risks. This research explored the impact of migration regulations on human trafficking trends in Garissa County, Kenya. The study aimed to assess how existing migration policies influence the occurrence of human trafficking along the Kenya-Somalia border in Garissa County. Grounded in the Transnational Organized Crime and Migration Systems theories, the study utilized a cross-sectional survey approach, integrating both qualitative and quantitative methodologies. The research targeted 466 participants, selecting a sample of 215. Data collection involved structured questionnaires and interviews, with a pilot study conducted to ensure reliability. Quantitative data was analyzed through descriptive statistics, while qualitative data was examined thematically. Findings indicated that migration policies provide some protection against trafficking but are undermined by enforcement challenges, including porous borders, resource constraints, corruption, inadequate training, and weak cross-border collaboration. Restrictive policies also inadvertently pushed migrants toward irregular routes, increasing vulnerability. While policies are effective at manned border points, their overall impact is weakened by structural gaps and outdated frameworks. The study recommended strengthening enforcement through increased funding, capacity building, improved coordination with Somali authorities, and regular policy updates to address evolving trafficking dynamics.

Author Biographies

JULIUS ROTICH, Postgraduate Candidate, Department of Security, Diplomacy and Peace Studies, Kenyatta University, Kenya

Postgraduate Candidate, Department of Security, Diplomacy and Peace Studies, Kenyatta University, Kenya

BERNARD MUIYA, PhD, Lecturer, Department of Security, Diplomacy and Peace Studies, Kenyatta University, Kenya

Lecturer, Department of Security, Diplomacy and Peace Studies, Kenyatta University, Kenya

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