EFFECTS OF COMPENSATION TYPES ON SERVICE DELIVERY IN THE NATIONAL POLICE SERVICE
A CASE OF NAROK COUNTY, KENYA
Abstract
Service delivery in the National Police Service (NPS) is pegged on police reforms that have been prioritized by the government over the last decade to streamline the police operations and its mandate. Despite these reforms, service delivery in the NPS has continuously been ineffective and inefficient as indicated in the Ransely report of 2009. These reforms have harmonized pay benefits and placed strategies that aim to upgrade service delivery in the National Police Service (NPS). The Kenya Police Service (KPS) and Administration Police Service (APS) that make the National Police Service (NPS) was a recommendation in the Ransely report on police reforms and their aim was to improve their service delivery, produce a people centered police service and attain professionalism. The objectives of the study were to determine the effect of salaries, fringe benefits and allowances on delivery of service in the NPS. Descriptive research design was used in this study, based on the Institutional Theory and the Goal Model. 1688 police officers were targeted and drawn from the different groups: Non-Commissioned Officers, Constables and Gazetted Officers all from Narok County, Kenya. 167 police officers were selected from the three categories using stratified random mode of sampling. To obtain data from the respective strata or categories, randomized sampling was used. Questionnaires were dropped to get data from the selected categories. Information collected was organized, put together and finally analysis was done through descriptive statistics for summarization of data, and then inferential statistics was used purposely for establishing any form of link among the variables. The Statistical Program for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 aided in this. Data was thereafter illustrated in tables and charts. Findings of this research deduced that there was a strong effect of compensation types on service delivery in the NPS with reference to Narok County, Kenya. The study found out that at 95% confidence level, salaries had positive and significant relationship with service delivery in the NPS in Narok County, Kenya at 0.373 and p = 0.000 <0.05. Additionally, outcomes manifested that police allowances and fringe benefits had positive and significant relationship with service delivery in the NPS with reference to Narok County, Kenya at 0.488 and p = 0.000<0.05, and 0.564 and p = 0.000<0.05 in that order. For policy implication, the work asks that NPS should improve staff salaries based on sufficiency, proper structuring and timely review consumerate to international standards and market rates; grant police officers enough allowances; and procure effective and efficient medical and life covers for police officers to improve their service delivery.
References
Armstrong, M. (2006). A Hand Book of Human Resource Management Practice. 10th (ed). Kogan Page, London
Armstrong, M. (2012). A Hand Book of Human Resource Management Practice. 12th (ed). Kogan Page, London
Atkinson William (2000). Is Worker’s Comp Changing? HR Magazine. July, 50-61
Baase, C.M.D. (2009). Testimony before the Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labour and Pensions 23.
Ben Keverenge (2012): Influence of Human Resource Policies on the Police Performance, the Kenyan situation
Bose, C.D. (2004). Principles of Management and Administration. Prentice-Hall of India Limited
Bryden (2008). “Police Performance and activity measurement,” Trends and Issues in Crime and Criminal Justice Series, No. 180, pp. 1-6
Carter, D.L. and Carter, J.G. (2009). “The intelligence fusion process for state, local and tribal law enforcement,” Criminal Justice and Behaviour, Vol.36, pp.1323 – 39
Cheruiyot, G.K. (2014). The impact of reforms on service delivery in the Kenya police Service, Department of Political Science and Public Administration, University of Nairobi
De Cenzo, D.A., Robbins, S.P. (1996). Human Resource Management. (5th ed.) John Wiley and sons
Diage, D.N. (2008). Creating Sustainable Work Systems–Emerging Perspectives and Practice
Dipak, K. B. (2011). Human Resource Research Methods, Oxford University Press, India
Directorate of Personnel Management (2002). Guidelines on Introducing Performance Improvement Programmes in the Public Service. Nairobi: Government Printers
East African Community (2011). Bribery Index. A research report by East African Community
Edvardsson (2005). Services Portrait in Service Research: A Critical Review of International Justice Service Industry Management, 16(1): 107-121
Etzion, A. (1960). “Two approaches to organizational analysis: A critique and suggestion.” Administrative Science Quarterly 5: 257-258
Gatiria, Z. M. (2012). Factors influencing service delivery by Kenya Police Service: A case of Kitui County Kenya, Department of Business and Entrepreneurship, University of Nairobi
Goldstein, H. (1979). Improving policing: A problem-oriented approach. Crime and Delinquency, Vol 25 No 2, app. 236-258.
Goodman, P. S (2007): New perspective on police effectiveness. San Francisco – London, Jossey-Bass Publishers
Greener, S., (2008). Business Research Methods. Bookboon.
Handem. A., 2008, Challenges of Security Sector Governance in West Africa: Cape Verde in Challenges of Security Sector Governance in West Africa Eds.
Helen, N. K. (2011). Fringe Benefits Effects on Employee Productivity in the Public Sector: A case of state department of water, Nairobi County. Unpublished MBA Research Project, Kenyatta University
Kiraithe E. (2011). Common Policing Standards, Unpublished.
Kisero, J. (2003). Civil Servants are the Obstacle. Daily Nation. Nairobi: Nation Media Group
Livingstone, D. (2009). Education and Jobs: Exploring the Gaps. Canada: University of Toronto Press
Loeppke, R., Taitel, M., Haufle, V., Parry, T., Kessler, R., and Jinnett, K. (2009). Health and Productivity as a business strategy. A multi-employer studies. J Occup Environ Med. 2009; 51: 411 – 428
Manzini, H. and Gwandure, C. (2011). The Provision of Employee Assistance Programmes in South Africa Football Clubs. University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg. South Africa
Meyer J.W., and Scott W.R. (1983). Organizational Environment: Ritual and Rationality, Sage Publications, Bevery Hills, CA
Mugenda, O., and Mugenda, A. (2003). Research Methods. Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches. Acts Press, Nairobi, Kenya
Mumanthi, C., and Gachunga, H. (2014). Effect of Training on the Performance of National Police Service, Vol. 1, No.3; pp 37-58, May
Mwema, S. (2008). Security challenges, the Tanzania situation
Orodho, A. (2003). Essentials of education and social science research methods. Nairobi: Masola Publishers.
Osborne G. Allan (2010). Education Law Association, 980 – 90
Peace, H. (2007). The police and HIV/AIDS: A Literature Review, Unpublished
Ransely, P. (2009). Report of the National Task Force on Police Reforms. Nairobi: Government Printers
Republic of Kenya (2007). Work Injuries Benefits Act. Nairobi: Government Printers
Republic of Kenya (2010). Kenya Constitution. Nairobi: Government Printers
Republic of Kenya (2010). Occupational Safety and Health Act, Revised. Nairobi: Government Printers
Republic of Kenya (2011). Narok County Strategic Plan 2012-2017. Nairobi: Government Printers
Republic of Kenya (2011). National Police Service Act. Nairobi: Government Printers
Republic of Kenya (2013). The National Police Service Strategic Plan 2013-2017. Nairobi: Government Printers
Republic of Kenya (2017). Salaries and Remuneration Commission Survey on job evaluation. Nairobi. Government Printers
Saleemi, N.A. (2009). Personal Management Simplified. Nairobi: Saleemi Publishers Limited
Sekaran, U. (2003). Research Methods for Business: A skill-building approach, 3rd Ed. New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
Shields, J. (2007). Managing employee performance and reward concept, practices, strategies. New York: Cambridge University Press
Smith, A., and Smith, E. (2007). The Role of Training in the Development of Human Resource Management in Australian Organization. Human Resource Development International, vol. 10, No. 3; pp 263 - 279
Society for Human Resource Management (2012). Employee Job Satisfaction and Engagement. A research report by SHRM
Taljaard, J. J. (2003). Improving Job Performance by Using Non-Monetary Reward Systems to Motivate Low-Skilled Workers in the Automotive Component Industry. Unpublished MBA dissertation, Port Elizabeth Technikon, Port Elizabeth
Tarantino, G.C. (2003). “Imputation, Estimation and Prediction using the Key Indicators of the Labour Market (KILM) Data Set.” International Labour Organization, Employment Strategy Department, Geneva
Tavakol, M. (2011). Making sense of Cronbach’s alpha. International Journal of Medical Education, Vol.2, pp.53-55
Teijlingen, E.R., and Hundley, V. (2001). The importance of pilot studies. Guildford, UK: Department of Sociology, University of Surrey
Titany L. (2012). The Factors affecting Service Delivery in the National Police Service, Vol. 2, No. 11; pp 285 – 291, November
Transparency International (2013). Global Corruption Barometer: Annual report by TIS
Weisdurd, L. (2003). “An evaluation in the choice of inputs and outputs in the efficiency measurement of police forces.” Journal of Socio-Economics, Vol. 32 No. 6, pp. 701-10
Were M. Susan, Gakure, Kiraithe and Waititu (2012): Influence of Motivation on Performance in the Public Security Sector with focus to the Police Force in Nairobi, Vol.3 No.23; December
World Bank (2011). A complaints report in Kenya. A research report by World Bank
Zaccaro, S.J., (2001). The Nature of Executive Leadership: A conceptual and Empirical Analysis
